The population of Botswana is expected to grow by 38,000 in 2025 and reach 2,653,000 in 2026. Migration (including immigration and emigration) increases population by 3,000 people yearly. On average there are 50,949 births and 15,410 deaths in Botswana per year. Rate of natural increase is approximately 1.36 percent per year. The population density of Botswana has changed from 1.8 in 1980 to 4.5 in 2023.
| Current population | 2,616,351 people at present (Wednesday 22nd of January 2025) | |
| Median Age | 29.2 years |
| Life expectancy | 70.4 years | |
| Population density | 4.6 per km2 |
| Year | Population | Year change | Migrants | Median age | Fertility rate | Density (Ppl/km2) | Urban population |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 2,614,000 | 38,000 (1.5%) | 3,000 | 29.2 | 2.40 | 5 | 1,580,000 (60.5%) |
| 2024 | 2,576,000 | 40,000 (1.6%) | 3,000 | 28.9 | 5 | 1,548,000 (60.1%) | |
| 2023 | 2,536,000 | 39,000 (1.5%) | 3,000 | 28.6 | 5 | 1,517,000 (59.8%) | |
| 2022 | 2,497,000 | 41,000 (1.6%) | 3,000 | 28.4 | 4 | 1,485,000 (59.5%) | |
| 2021 | 2,456,000 | 40,000 (1.6%) | 3,000 | 28.1 | 4 | 1,453,000 (59.2%) | |
| 2020 | 2,416,000 | 41,000 (1.7%) | 3,000 | 27.9 | 2.56 | 4 | 1,422,000 (58.9%) |
| 2019 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | 3,000 | 27.6 | 2.60 | 4 | 1,390,000 (58.6%) |
| 2018 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | 3,000 | 27.3 | 2.64 | 4 | 1,359,000 (58.3%) |
| 2017 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | 3,000 | 27.1 | 2.69 | 4 | 1,329,000 (58.0%) |
| 2016 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | 3,000 | 26.9 | 2.73 | 4 | 1,298,625 (57.7%) |
| 2015 | 2,209,197 | 40,624 (1.8%) | 3,000 | 26.7 | 2.77 | 4 | 1,269,051 (57.4%) |
| 2010 | 2,014,866 | 34,984 (1.7%) | 3,000 | 25.7 | 2.88 | 4 | 1,133,060 (56.2%) |
| 2005 | 1,855,852 | 26,522 (1.4%) | 3,746 | 24.7 | 2.99 | 3 | 1,022,073 (55.1%) |
| 2000 | 1,728,340 | 28,478 (1.7%) | 4,256 | 23.8 | 3.39 | 3 | 919,805 (53.2%) |
| 1995 | 1,569,094 | 36,472 (2.3%) | 4,909 | 22.9 | 3.95 | 3 | 768,558 (49.0%) |
| 1990 | 1,377,912 | 38,288 (2.8%) | 3,573 | 21.9 | 4.54 | 2 | 577,800 (41.9%) |
| 1985 | 1,189,114 | 37,822 (3.2%) | 1,161 | 21.1 | 5.45 | 2 | 317,779 (26.7%) |
| 1980 | 1,001,158 | 36,992 (3.7%) | 120 | 21.0 | 6.21 | 2 | 164,981 (16.5%) |
| 1975 | 825,840 | 29,745 (3.6%) | 2,969 | 20.9 | 6.47 | 1 | 98,143 (11.9%) |
| 1970 | 695,597 | 21,957 (3.2%) | 465 | 21.1 | 6.65 | 1 | 54,493 (7.8%) |
| 1965 | 597,190 | 16,391 (2.7%) | -1,204 | 21.5 | 6.69 | 1 | 22,926 (3.8%) |
| 1960 | 524,552 | 12,697 (2.4%) | -3,000 | 22.2 | 6.62 | 1 | 16,051 (3.1%) |
In 2024 the population of Botswana was 2,576,000 and the average age increased from 22.2 in 1960 to 28.9. Urban population has increased from 919,805 (53.2%) in 2000 to 1,580,000 (60.5%) in the current year. The population density of Botswana has changed from 1.8 in 1980 to 4.5 in 2023.
| Year | Population | Year change | Migrants | Median age | Fertility rate | Density (Ppl/km2) | Urban population |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | 3,000 | 27.9 | 2.56 | 4 | 1,422,000 (58.9%) |
| 2025 | 2,614,000 | 38,000 (1.5%) | 3,000 | 29.2 | 2.40 | 5 | 1,580,000 (60.5%) |
| 2030 | 2,800,000 | 36,000 (1.3%) | 3,000 | 30.5 | 2.26 | 5 | 1,743,000 (62.2%) |
| 2035 | 2,975,000 | 34,000 (1.1%) | 3,000 | 32.0 | 2.15 | 5 | 1,907,000 (64.1%) |
| 2040 | 3,138,000 | 32,000 (1.0%) | 3,000 | 33.4 | 2.06 | 6 | 2,073,000 (66.1%) |
| 2045 | 3,288,000 | 29,000 (0.9%) | 3,000 | 34.6 | 1.98 | 6 | 2,236,000 (68.0%) |
| 2050 | 3,421,000 | 25,000 (0.7%) | 3,000 | 35.9 | 1.92 | 6 | 2,390,000 (69.9%) |
The life expectancy at birth should reach 75.1 (72.8 years for male and 77.4 years for females). Population density will go up to 6.0 people per square kilometer.
The demographics of Botswana constitutes of 1,320,000 women and 1,294,000 men, which means there are 980 men per 1000 women. As far as age distribution goes, 38.0% of population (992,013) is 19 or younger, 57.1% of population (1,493,117) is between age 20 and 64 and 4.9% of population (128,609) is over 65.