The population of Madagascar is expected to grow by 798,000 in 2026 and reach 33,107,000 in 2027. Migration (including immigration and emigration) decreases population by 1,500 people yearly. The population density of Madagascar has changed from 15.0 in 1980 to 52.8 in 2024.
| Current population | 32,386,658 people at present (Monday 9th of February 2026) | |
| Median Age | 24.4 years |
| Population density | 55.5 per km2 |
| Year | Population | Year change | Migrants | Median age | Fertility rate | Density (Ppl/km2) | Urban population |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 32,298,000 | 798,000 (2.5%) | -1,500 | 24.4 | 56 | 13,557,000 (42.0%) | |
| 2025 | 31,500,000 | 787,000 (2.5%) | -1,500 | 24.3 | 3.73 | 54 | 13,031,000 (41.4%) |
| 2024 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | -1,500 | 24.1 | 53 | 12,518,000 (40.8%) | |
| 2023 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | -1,500 | 24.0 | 52 | 12,018,000 (40.1%) | |
| 2022 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | -1,500 | 23.9 | 50 | 11,531,000 (39.5%) | |
| 2021 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | -1,500 | 23.7 | 49 | 11,058,000 (38.9%) | |
| 2020 | 27,691,000 | 721,000 (2.6%) | -1,500 | 23.6 | 3.97 | 48 | 10,598,000 (38.3%) |
| 2019 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | -1,500 | 23.5 | 4.03 | 46 | 10,152,000 (37.6%) |
| 2018 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | -1,500 | 23.4 | 4.08 | 45 | 9,720,000 (37.0%) |
| 2017 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | -1,500 | 23.3 | 4.13 | 44 | 9,302,000 (36.4%) |
| 2016 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | -1,500 | 23.1 | 4.19 | 43 | 8,897,561 (35.7%) |
| 2015 | 24,234,088 | 644,287 (2.7%) | -1,500 | 23.0 | 4.24 | 42 | 8,507,377 (35.1%) |
| 2010 | 21,151,640 | 582,519 (2.8%) | -1,500 | 22.4 | 4.60 | 36 | 6,753,507 (31.9%) |
| 2005 | 18,336,724 | 533,727 (2.9%) | -1,500 | 22.0 | 5.05 | 32 | 5,283,544 (28.8%) |
| 2000 | 15,766,806 | 484,285 (3.1%) | -1,500 | 21.8 | 5.55 | 27 | 4,276,115 (27.1%) |
| 1995 | 13,475,400 | 408,857 (3.0%) | -1,700 | 21.8 | 5.98 | 23 | 3,476,114 (25.8%) |
| 1990 | 11,598,633 | 329,975 (2.8%) | -1,900 | 21.8 | 6.18 | 20 | 2,733,334 (23.6%) |
| 1985 | 10,063,495 | 282,623 (2.8%) | -2,000 | 21.8 | 6.35 | 17 | 2,106,591 (20.9%) |
| 1980 | 8,716,553 | 246,881 (2.8%) | -2,000 | 21.9 | 6.73 | 15 | 1,614,654 (18.5%) |
| 1975 | 7,556,026 | 210,246 (2.8%) | -6,000 | 22.3 | 7.10 | 13 | 1,234,201 (16.3%) |
| 1970 | 6,576,305 | 174,384 (2.7%) | -3,800 | 22.7 | 7.27 | 11 | 927,259 (14.1%) |
| 1965 | 5,769,218 | 144,054 (2.5%) | -1,600 | 23.2 | 7.31 | 10 | 714,171 (12.4%) |
| 1960 | 5,099,373 | 124,195 (2.4%) | 23.7 | 7.30 | 9 | 542,675 (10.6%) |
In 2025 the population of Madagascar was 31,500,000 and the average age increased from 23.7 in 1960 to 24.3. Urban population has increased from 4,276,115 (27.1%) in 2000 to 13,557,000 (42.0%) in the current year. The population density of Madagascar has changed from 15.0 in 1980 to 52.8 in 2024.
| Year | Population | Year change | Migrants | Median age | Fertility rate | Density (Ppl/km2) | Urban population |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | -1,500 | 23.6 | 3.97 | 48 | 10,598,000 (38.3%) |
| 2025 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | -1,500 | 24.3 | 3.73 | 54 | 13,031,000 (41.4%) |
| 2030 | 35,592,000 | 837,000 (2.4%) | -1,500 | 25.0 | 3.51 | 61 | 15,774,000 (44.3%) |
| 2035 | 39,891,000 | 874,000 (2.2%) | -1,500 | 25.8 | 3.31 | 69 | 18,763,000 (47.0%) |
| 2040 | 44,368,000 | 910,000 (2.1%) | -1,500 | 26.6 | 3.15 | 76 | 22,046,000 (49.7%) |
| 2045 | 49,013,000 | 942,000 (1.9%) | -1,500 | 27.5 | 3.00 | 84 | 25,657,000 (52.3%) |
| 2050 | 53,803,000 | 968,000 (1.8%) | -1,500 | 28.4 | 2.87 | 93 | 29,587,000 (55.0%) |
The life expectancy at birth should reach 74.3 (72.1 years for male and 76.7 years for females). Population density will go up to 92.5 people per square kilometer.
The demographics of Madagascar constitutes of 16,175,000 women and 16,123,000 men, which means there are 997 men per 1000 women. As far as age distribution goes, 48.9% of population (15,806,641) is 19 or younger, 47.6% of population (15,360,929) is between age 20 and 64 and 3.5% of population (1,123,970) is over 65.