The population of Timor-Leste is expected to grow by 32,000 in 2025 and reach 1,569,000 in 2026. Migration (including immigration and emigration) decreases population by 10,001 people yearly. On average there are 49,730 births and 7,427 deaths in Timor-Leste per year. Rate of natural increase is approximately 2.75 percent per year. The population density of Timor-Leste has changed from 39.5 in 1980 to 99.0 in 2023.
| Current population | 1,553,359 people at present (Friday 11th of July 2025) | |
| Median Age | 23.1 years |
| Life expectancy | 71.3 years | |
| Population density | 103.3 per km2 |
| Year | Population | Year change | Migrants | Median age | Fertility rate | Density (Ppl/km2) | Urban population |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 1,536,000 | 32,000 (2.1%) | -10,001 | 23.1 | 4.56 | 103 | 593,000 (38.6%) |
| 2024 | 1,504,000 | 31,000 (2.1%) | -10,001 | 23.0 | 101 | 573,000 (38.1%) | |
| 2023 | 1,473,000 | 31,000 (2.1%) | -10,001 | 23.0 | 99 | 553,000 (37.5%) | |
| 2022 | 1,442,000 | 31,000 (2.2%) | -10,001 | 22.9 | 97 | 533,000 (37.0%) | |
| 2021 | 1,411,000 | 30,000 (2.1%) | -10,001 | 22.9 | 95 | 514,000 (36.4%) | |
| 2020 | 1,381,000 | 29,000 (2.1%) | -10,001 | 22.7 | 5.06 | 93 | 495,000 (35.8%) |
| 2019 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | -10,001 | 22.7 | 5.17 | 91 | 477,000 (35.2%) |
| 2018 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | -10,001 | 22.6 | 5.29 | 89 | 459,000 (34.6%) |
| 2017 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | -10,001 | 22.6 | 5.40 | 87 | 441,000 (34.0%) |
| 2016 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | -10,001 | 22.5 | 5.51 | 85 | 423,749 (33.4%) |
| 2015 | 1,240,977 | 28,163 (2.3%) | -10,001 | 22.5 | 5.62 | 83 | 406,668 (32.8%) |
| 2010 | 1,109,591 | 17,570 (1.6%) | -10,001 | 22.4 | 6.23 | 75 | 327,407 (29.5%) |
| 2005 | 1,026,484 | 29,786 (2.9%) | -18,749 | 21.0 | 6.79 | 69 | 270,109 (26.3%) |
| 2000 | 871,607 | 8,338 (1.0%) | 804 | 20.6 | 7.11 | 59 | 211,478 (24.3%) |
| 1995 | 871,447 | 14,763 (1.7%) | -31,211 | 22.7 | 6.38 | 59 | 196,372 (22.5%) |
| 1990 | 751,933 | 20,489 (2.7%) | -837 | 22.6 | 5.34 | 51 | 156,718 (20.8%) |
| 1985 | 666,945 | 20,257 (3.0%) | -970 | 22.6 | 5.34 | 45 | 123,805 (18.6%) |
| 1980 | 587,563 | -8,309 (-1.4%) | 2,060 | 22.5 | 4.77 | 40 | 96,848 (16.5%) |
| 1975 | 664,984 | 761 (0.1%) | -18,757 | 23.3 | 4.79 | 45 | 97,041 (14.6%) |
| 1970 | 605,125 | 13,386 (2.2%) | 448 | 22.9 | 5.92 | 41 | 77,976 (12.9%) |
| 1965 | 548,218 | 10,432 (1.9%) | 173 | 22.9 | 6.31 | 37 | 62,239 (11.4%) |
| 1960 | 499,950 | 8,895 (1.8%) | 134 | 23.1 | 6.37 | 34 | 50,450 (10.1%) |
In 2024 the population of Timor-Leste was 1,504,000 and the average age decreased from 23.1 in 1960 to 23.0. Urban population has increased from 211,478 (24.3%) in 2000 to 593,000 (38.6%) in the current year. The population density of Timor-Leste has changed from 39.5 in 1980 to 99.0 in 2023.
| Year | Population | Year change | Migrants | Median age | Fertility rate | Density (Ppl/km2) | Urban population |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | -10,001 | 22.7 | 5.06 | 93 | 495,000 (35.8%) |
| 2025 | 1,536,000 | 32,000 (2.1%) | -10,001 | 23.1 | 4.56 | 103 | 593,000 (38.6%) |
| 2030 | 1,704,000 | 34,000 (2.0%) | -10,001 | 23.5 | 4.12 | 115 | 699,000 (41.0%) |
| 2035 | 1,880,000 | 36,000 (1.9%) | -10,001 | 24.2 | 3.74 | 126 | 810,000 (43.1%) |
| 2040 | 2,060,000 | 37,000 (1.8%) | -10,001 | 24.9 | 3.42 | 139 | 923,000 (44.8%) |
| 2045 | 2,240,000 | 36,000 (1.6%) | -10,001 | 25.8 | 3.16 | 151 | 1,043,000 (46.5%) |
| 2050 | 2,421,000 | 36,000 (1.5%) | -10,001 | 26.9 | 2.94 | 163 | 1,169,000 (48.3%) |
The life expectancy at birth should reach 75.7 (73.4 years for male and 78.1 years for females). Population density will go up to 162.8 people per square kilometer.
The demographics of Timor-Leste constitutes of 756,000 women and 780,000 men, which means there are 1,032 men per 1000 women. As far as age distribution goes, 53.5% of population (820,992) is 19 or younger, 42.8% of population (658,022) is between age 20 and 64 and 3.8% of population (58,214) is over 65.