The population of Luxembourg is expected to grow by 8,000 in 2025 and reach 657,000 in 2026. Migration (including immigration and emigration) increases population by 4,000 people yearly. On average there are 7,314 births and 4,663 deaths in Luxembourg per year. Rate of natural increase is approximately 0.41 percent per year. The population density of Luxembourg has changed from 140.6 in 1980 to 242.0 in 2023.
| Current population | 654,156 people at present (Friday 11th of July 2025) | |
| Median Age | 40.5 years |
| Life expectancy | 83.3 years | |
| Population density | 247.8 per km2 |
| Year | Population | Year change | Migrants | Median age | Fertility rate | Density (Ppl/km2) | Urban population |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 651,000 | 8,000 (1.2%) | 4,000 | 40.5 | 1.65 | 248 | 600,000 (92.3%) |
| 2024 | 643,000 | 7,000 (1.1%) | 5,000 | 40.2 | 245 | 593,000 (92.1%) | |
| 2023 | 636,000 | 8,000 (1.3%) | 5,000 | 40.2 | 242 | 585,000 (92.0%) | |
| 2022 | 628,000 | 8,000 (1.3%) | 5,000 | 40.2 | 239 | 576,000 (91.8%) | |
| 2021 | 620,000 | 8,000 (1.3%) | 5,000 | 40.0 | 236 | 568,000 (91.6%) | |
| 2020 | 612,000 | 8,000 (1.3%) | 5,000 | 39.9 | 1.61 | 233 | 559,000 (91.4%) |
| 2019 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | 5,000 | 39.7 | 1.59 | 231 | 551,000 (91.2%) |
| 2018 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | 5,000 | 39.6 | 1.57 | 228 | 543,000 (90.9%) |
| 2017 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | 5,000 | 39.7 | 1.55 | 225 | 535,000 (90.7%) |
| 2016 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | 5,000 | 39.5 | 1.52 | 225 | 527,193 (90.4%) |
| 2015 | 569,604 | 13,285 (2.3%) | 5,000 | 39.5 | 1.50 | 220 | 513,555 (90.2%) |
| 2010 | 506,953 | 9,170 (1.8%) | 9,741 | 39.0 | 1.63 | 196 | 448,892 (88.5%) |
| 2005 | 465,158 | 7,063 (1.5%) | 8,456 | 38.7 | 1.63 | 180 | 402,818 (86.6%) |
| 2000 | 436,300 | 5,825 (1.3%) | 2,895 | 38.1 | 1.76 | 168 | 367,434 (84.2%) |
| 1995 | 408,625 | 5,700 (1.4%) | 3,988 | 38.0 | 1.70 | 158 | 338,722 (82.9%) |
| 1990 | 381,850 | 4,750 (1.2%) | 4,008 | 38.1 | 1.60 | 147 | 309,096 (80.9%) |
| 1985 | 366,706 | 708 (0.2%) | 2,566 | 37.8 | 1.38 | 142 | 295,818 (80.7%) |
| 1980 | 364,150 | 1,294 (0.4%) | 510 | 37.0 | 1.50 | 141 | 291,473 (80.0%) |
| 1975 | 358,950 | 3,900 (1.1%) | 2,369 | 36.6 | 1.55 | 137 | 277,458 (77.3%) |
| 1970 | 339,171 | 1,671 (0.5%) | 3,057 | 36.3 | 1.97 | 131 | 252,255 (74.4%) |
| 1965 | 331,500 | 3,750 (1.1%) | 1,184 | 36.2 | 2.42 | 128 | 238,541 (72.0%) |
| 1960 | 313,970 | 2,875 (0.9%) | 1,705 | 36.3 | 2.29 | 122 | 218,385 (69.6%) |
In 2024 the population of Luxembourg was 643,000 and the average age increased from 36.3 in 1960 to 40.2. Urban population has increased from 367,434 (84.2%) in 2000 to 600,000 (92.3%) in the current year. The population density of Luxembourg has changed from 140.6 in 1980 to 242.0 in 2023.
| Year | Population | Year change | Migrants | Median age | Fertility rate | Density (Ppl/km2) | Urban population |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | 5,000 | 39.9 | 1.61 | 233 | 559,000 (91.4%) |
| 2025 | 651,000 | 8,000 (1.2%) | 4,000 | 40.5 | 1.65 | 248 | 600,000 (92.3%) |
| 2030 | 684,000 | 7,000 (1.0%) | 4,000 | 41.0 | 1.67 | 261 | 636,000 (92.9%) |
| 2035 | 716,000 | 6,000 (0.8%) | 4,000 | 42.0 | 1.69 | 273 | 669,000 (93.4%) |
| 2040 | 746,000 | 6,000 (0.8%) | 4,000 | 42.3 | 1.71 | 285 | 699,000 (93.7%) |
| 2045 | 774,000 | 6,000 (0.8%) | 4,000 | 43.0 | 1.72 | 297 | 727,000 (94.0%) |
| 2050 | 800,000 | 5,000 (0.6%) | 4,000 | 43.2 | 1.74 | 307 | 755,000 (94.3%) |
The life expectancy at birth should reach 86.6 (85.0 years for male and 88.3 years for females). Population density will go up to 307.3 people per square kilometer.
The demographics of Luxembourg constitutes of 323,000 women and 327,000 men, which means there are 1,012 men per 1000 women. As far as age distribution goes, 22.1% of population (143,871) is 19 or younger, 61.3% of population (399,063) is between age 20 and 64 and 16.2% of population (105,657) is over 65.