The population of Japan is expected to decrease by 780,830 in 2026 and reach 121,774,256 in 2027. Migration (including immigration and emigration) increases population by 128,619 people yearly. On average there are 722,685 births and 1,635,337 deaths in Japan per year. The population density of Japan has changed from 318.9 in 1980 to 340.1 in 2024.
| Current population | 121,901,007 people at present (Wednesday 4th of November 2026) | |
| Median Age | 48.9 years |
| Life expectancy | 84.6 years | |
| Population density | 324.9 per km2 |
| Year | Population | Year change | Migrants | Median age | Fertility rate | Density (Ppl/km2) | Urban population |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 122,585,904 | -780,830 (-0.6%) | 128,619 | 48.9 | 1.19 | 325 | 113,284,891 (92.4%) |
| 2025 | 123,366,734 | -608,637 (-0.5%) | 140,579 | 48.7 | 1.17 | 327 | 113,867,674 (92.3%) |
| 2024 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | 153,357 | 48.5 | 1.15 | 340 | 114,293,108 (92.2%) |
| 2023 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | 175,003 | 48.3 | 1.20 | 342 | 114,658,281 (92.1%) |
| 2022 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | 175,003 | 48.0 | 1.26 | 343 | 115,087,029 (92.0%) |
| 2021 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | -34,996 | 47.8 | 1.30 | 345 | 115,468,839 (91.9%) |
| 2020 | 126,261,000 | -372,000 (-0.3%) | 42,001 | 47.5 | 1.33 | 346 | 115,883,599 (91.8%) |
| 2019 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | 318,190 | 47.3 | 1.36 | 347 | 116,143,255 (91.7%) |
| 2018 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | 320,601 | 47.0 | 1.42 | 348 | 116,206,724 (91.6%) |
| 2017 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | 322,564 | 46.8 | 1.43 | 348 | 116,242,665 (91.5%) |
| 2016 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | 314,732 | 46.6 | 1.44 | 349 | 116,216,245 (91.5%) |
| 2015 | 127,141,000 | -135,000 (-0.1%) | 168,896 | 46.3 | 1.45 | 349 | 116,147,454 (91.4%) |
| 2010 | 128,070,000 | 23,000 (0.0%) | 131,860 | 44.9 | 1.39 | 351 | 116,060,695 (90.6%) |
| 2005 | 127,773,000 | 12,000 (0.0%) | 113,017 | 43.3 | 1.26 | 351 | 109,830,300 (86.0%) |
| 2000 | 126,843,000 | 212,000 (0.2%) | 23,468 | 41.5 | 1.36 | 348 | 99,714,682 (78.6%) |
| 1995 | 125,472,000 | 294,000 (0.2%) | 87,714 | 39.7 | 1.42 | 344 | 97,892,105 (78.0%) |
| 1990 | 123,478,000 | 409,000 (0.3%) | 124,582 | 37.7 | 1.54 | 339 | 95,498,401 (77.3%) |
| 1985 | 120,837,000 | 754,000 (0.6%) | -141,323 | 35.8 | 1.76 | 331 | 92,673,598 (76.7%) |
| 1980 | 116,807,000 | 917,000 (0.8%) | -92,314 | 33.9 | 1.75 | 319 | 88,974,691 (76.2%) |
| 1975 | 111,573,000 | 1,411,000 (1.3%) | 107 | 32.5 | 1.91 | 304 | 84,629,355 (75.9%) |
| 1970 | 103,403,000 | 1,184,000 (1.2%) | 33,731 | 31.7 | 2.13 | 282 | 74,307,621 (71.9%) |
| 1965 | 97,952,000 | 1,049,000 (1.1%) | -50,667 | 30.4 | 2.14 | 267 | 66,487,693 (67.9%) |
| 1960 | 93,216,000 | 839,000 (0.9%) | -150,371 | 29.1 | 2.00 | 256 | 58,966,696 (63.3%) |
In 2025 the population of Japan was 123,366,734 and the average age increased from 29.1 in 1960 to 48.7. Urban population has increased from 99,714,682 (78.6%) in 2000 to 113,284,891 (92.4%) in the current year. The population density of Japan has changed from 318.9 in 1980 to 340.1 in 2024.
| Year | Population | Year change | Migrants | Median age | Fertility rate | Density (Ppl/km2) | Urban population |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | 42,001 | 47.5 | 1.33 | 346 | 115,883,599 (91.8%) |
| 2025 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) | 140,579 | 48.7 | 1.17 | 327 | 113,867,674 (92.3%) |
| 2030 | 119,272,680 | -837,352 (-0.7%) | 123,993 | 49.7 | 1.26 | 317 | 110,791,256 (92.9%) |
| 2035 | 115,232,952 | -780,304 (-0.7%) | 116,871 | 50.3 | 1.29 | 308 | 107,797,386 (93.5%) |
| 2040 | 111,648,072 | -680,800 (-0.6%) | 118,186 | 50.7 | 1.31 | 298 | 105,262,940 (94.3%) |
| 2045 | 108,367,136 | -651,256 (-0.6%) | 113,424 | 51.0 | 1.33 | 288 | 103,052,760 (95.1%) |
| 2050 | 105,052,904 | -680,808 (-0.7%) | 119,363 | 51.2 | 1.35 | 279 | 100,848,786 (96.0%) |
The life expectancy at birth should reach 88.4 (85.4 years for male and 91.4 years for females). Population density will go up to 279.0 people per square kilometer.
The population growth rate is minus 0.63% (608,637 residents, including 1,648,872 deaths). The demographics of Japan constitutes of 62,847,000 women and 59,738,904 men, which means there are 951 men per 1000 women. As far as age distribution goes, 15.7% of population (19,196,953) is 19 or younger, 54.1% of population (66,355,750) is between age 20 and 64 and 30.2% of population (37,020,943) is over 65.