The population of Mongolia is expected to grow by 44,000 in 2019 and reach 3,209,000 in 2020. Migration (including immigration and emigration) decreases population by 3,000 people yearly. On average there are 67,992 births and 20,288 deaths in Mongolia per year. Rate of natural increase is approximately 1.51 percent per year. The population density of Mongolia has changed from 1.1 in 1980 to 2.0 in 2017.
| Current population | 3,171,537 people at present (Saturday 16th of February 2019) | |
| Median Age | 29.3 years |
| Life expectancy | 69.8 years | |
| Population density | 2.0 per km2 |
| Year | Population | Year change | Migrants | Median age | Fertility rate | Density (Ppl/km2) | Urban population |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 3,166,000 | 44,000 (1.4%) | -3,000 | 29.3 | 2.63 | 2 | 2,373,000 (75.0%) |
| 2018 | 3,122,000 | 46,000 (1.5%) | -3,000 | 29.1 | 2.67 | 2 | 2,319,000 (74.3%) |
| 2017 | 3,076,000 | 48,602 (1.6%) | -3,000 | 28.9 | 2.71 | 2 | 2,263,000 (73.6%) |
| 2016 | 3,027,398 | 50,521 (1.7%) | -3,000 | 28.7 | 2.75 | 2 | 2,204,642 (72.8%) |
| 2015 | 2,976,877 | 52,981 (1.8%) | -3,000 | 28.6 | 2.79 | 2 | 2,144,542 (72.0%) |
| 2010 | 2,712,650 | 44,361 (1.6%) | -3,000 | 28.0 | 2.64 | 2 | 1,832,856 (67.6%) |
| 2005 | 2,526,446 | 29,614 (1.2%) | -3,000 | 26.9 | 2.17 | 2 | 1,578,877 (62.5%) |
| 2000 | 2,397,436 | 21,274 (0.9%) | -3,000 | 25.3 | 2.14 | 2 | 1,369,727 (57.1%) |
| 1995 | 2,298,039 | 17,543 (0.8%) | -10,493 | 24.1 | 2.74 | 1 | 1,305,401 (56.8%) |
| 1990 | 2,184,145 | 43,137 (2.0%) | -17,686 | 23.7 | 4.05 | 1 | 1,245,683 (57.0%) |
| 1985 | 1,921,881 | 50,791 (2.6%) | 23.5 | 5.35 | 1 | 1,057,803 (55.0%) | |
| 1980 | 1,689,622 | 43,331 (2.6%) | 23.5 | 6.21 | 1 | 880,006 (52.1%) | |
| 1975 | 1,479,651 | 41,226 (2.8%) | 23.8 | 7.14 | 1 | 719,939 (48.7%) | |
| 1970 | 1,278,825 | 36,611 (2.9%) | 24.4 | 7.57 | 1 | 576,136 (45.1%) | |
| 1965 | 1,107,124 | 32,610 (3.0%) | 25.4 | 7.59 | 1 | 466,254 (42.1%) | |
| 1960 | 955,505 | 26,673 (2.7%) | 26.8 | 6.95 | 1 | 340,915 (35.7%) |
In 2018 the population of Mongolia was 3,122,000 and the average age increased from 26.8 in 1960 to 29.1. Urban population has increased from 1,369,727 (57.1%) in 2000 to 2,373,000 (75.0%) in the current year. The population density of Mongolia has changed from 1.1 in 1980 to 2.0 in 2017.
| Year | Population | Year change | Migrants | Median age | Fertility rate | Density (Ppl/km2) | Urban population |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 3,209,000 | 43,000 (1.3%) | -3,000 | 29.5 | 2.59 | 2 | 2,426,000 (75.6%) |
| 2025 | 3,402,000 | 35,000 (1.0%) | -3,000 | 30.7 | 2.46 | 2 | 2,666,000 (78.4%) |
| 2030 | 3,561,000 | 30,000 (0.8%) | -3,000 | 32.0 | 2.36 | 2 | 2,864,000 (80.4%) |
| 2035 | 3,698,000 | 26,000 (0.7%) | -3,000 | 33.3 | 2.27 | 2 | 3,028,000 (81.9%) |
| 2040 | 3,827,000 | 26,000 (0.7%) | -3,000 | 34.4 | 2.20 | 3 | 3,172,000 (82.9%) |
| 2045 | 3,954,000 | 25,000 (0.6%) | -3,000 | 35.3 | 2.14 | 3 | 3,316,000 (83.9%) |
| 2050 | 4,075,000 | 23,000 (0.6%) | -3,000 | 36.0 | 2.10 | 3 | 3,454,000 (84.8%) |
Total Mongolia population should reach 3,209,000 by 2020 and should increase to 4,075,000 people by year 2050. The life expectancy at birth should reach 75.0 (71.1 years for male and 79.2 years for females). Population density will go up to 2.6 people per square kilometer.
The population growth rate is 1.41% (46,000 residents, including 19,557 deaths). The demographics of Mongolia constitutes of 1,602,000 women and 1,565,000 men, which means there are 977 men per 1000 women. As far as age distribution goes, 36.9% of population (1,169,204) is 19 or younger, 58.9% of population (1,863,824) is between age 20 and 64 and 4.3% of population (134,555) is over 65.